URDU: دور تابعین میں اجتماعی اجتہاد: ایک تاریخی مطالعہ

Historical Study of collective Ijtihād in the era of Tabieen.

Abstract

There are two types of Ijtihād: individual and collective. When an individual Muslim Jurist perform Ijtihād it is called individual Ijtihād and when a Council of Islamic Jurists or qualified scholars undertake utmost effort to discover the Sharia ruling then it is called collective Ijtihād. In this research article a brief view of collective Ijtihād in past especially in the period of Tābiʿīn has been presented. The upshot of this research work is that the collective Ijtihād is very prominent in the first half of first Islamic century i.e. the time Prophet PBUH and the four right-guided caliphs. While in the second half of it and immediately after it, the practice of collective Ijtihād gradually declined and individual Ijtihād became the only type of Ijtihād. In the present time, it is necessary to reestablish the practice of our Prophet Muhammad BPUH and his immediate successors.